Moat

Definition of Moat

From the elephant glossary Section: management

Asian elephant Manjula at a dangerous moat in Zoo San Salvador.

Elephant Hilda after falling down into a dry moat, Prospect Park, 1938.

Relevant Literature about Moat

A moat is a deep, broad ditch, either dry or filled with water, that is dug and surrounds a castle, fortification, building or town, historically to provide it with a preliminary line of defence

Moats can be used to separate animals from spectators in many modern zoo installations. Moats were first used in this way by Carl Hagenbeck Jr. at his Hagenbecks Tierpark in Hamburg, Germany.[10] The structure, with a vertical outer retaining wall rising direct from the moat, is an extended usage of the ha-ha of English landscape gardening.

Between 1938 and 2009 at least 29 elephants died, or was euthanised due to accidents related to dry moats in elephant facilities. Dry moats were common during the 20th century, to separate elephants from the public, as well as keeping the elephants confined, both indoor and outdoor. Dry moats should not be built anymore, but some older elephants facilities still use them. Old deep dry moats with hard bottom are very risky, and elephants can fall down, either when searching for food, or when they fight. If a dry moat is used it should have soft bottom, dropdown < 1,5 meters, width > 2,4 meters, and ramp or gate access to enclosure. (Biology, medicine, and surgery of elephants, by Murray E. Fowler, Susan K. Mikota)

34 Deceased elephants due to falling into dry moats.

Index	Sex Species Name Id	Origin	Arrival Location
1	† ♀ EM -Ranny (Rani)-	Born wild 1952 x Dead 2009-03-14	1958-07-30 Mexico City Zoo
2	† ♀ LA -Zambi (Jambi)-	Born wild 1965 x Dead 2009-03-09	1976-00-00 Mysore Zoo
3	† ♀ EM -Annabel (Tessa)- EEP id: 6606	Born wild 1964 x Dead 2009-03-01	1966-05-20 Emmen Zoo
4	† ♀ EM -Bambi-	Born wild 1962 x Dead 2005-03-02	Tunis Belvedere Zoo
5	† ♀ LA -Zimba II-	Born wild 1985 x Dead 1995-09-22	1986-10-17 Duisburg Zoo
6	† ♀ EM -Samorn- ASMP id: 33	Born wild 1950 x Dead 1994-10-10	1991-11-17 Monarto Zoo
7	† ♂ EM -Bo Gyi- EEP id: 9205	Born captive-born < 1 1992-06-01 Naing Thein x Yu Zin Dead 1993-07-01	1992-06-01 Emmen Zoo
8	† ♀ LC -Carla-	Born wild 1978 x Dead 1991-03-18	1981-11-04 Rome Zoo
9	† ♀ EM -Dombo-	Born wild 1951 x Dead 1990-04-00	1955-00-00 Tierpark Berlin
10	† ♀ LA -Tonga II-	Born wild x Dead 1989	Nuremberg Zoo
11	† ♀ LA -McClean- SSP id: 359	Born wild 1971 x Dead 1986-03-01	1977-11-28 Los Angeles Zoo
12	† ♀ LC -Gbaya (NGbaya)-	Born wild 1958 x Dead 1985-08-19	1961-09-11 Duisburg Zoo
13	† ♀ EM -Yi Long-	Born unknown ~1921 x Dead 1983-09-19	Guangzhou Zoo (Canton Zoo)
14	† ♂ EM -Ba Bao-	Born unknown ~1910 x Dead 1983-09-19	Guangzhou Zoo (Canton Zoo)
15	† ♀ EM -Sari-	Born wild 1967 x Dead 1983-07-15	1972-06-23 Magdeburg Zoo
16	† ♀ LA -Toto-	Born wild 1959 x Dead 1980	1962-00-00 London Zoo
17	† ♂ LA -Jumbolino (Bubbles)-	Born wild 1962 x Dead 1979	1964-08-00 Chester Zoo
18	† ♂ EM -noname- SSP id: 64	Born captive-born < 1 1975-05-10 Packy x Me-Tu Dead 1975-12-02	1975-05-10 Los Angeles Zoo
19	† ♂ EM -Ziggy (Herman)- SSP id: 453	Born wild 1919 x Dead 1975-10-27	1936-07-28 Brookfield Zoo
20	† ♂ EM -miscarriage-	Born captive-born < 1 1974-10-26 Nobby x Sheba Dead 1974-10-26	1974-10-26 Chester Zoo
21	† ♀ EM -Walli- EEP id: 5015	Born wild 1950 x Dead 1974-09-01	1950-07-20 Whipsnade Wild Animal Park
22	† ♂ EM -Mohan (Gyro, Gyro-Moe)- SSP id: 530	Born unknown 1960-05-12 x Dead 1967-06-26	1964-11-29 Calgary Zoo
23	† ♀ LA -Dicksie-	Born wild 1938 x Dead 1967	1945-00-00 London Zoo
24	† ♂ EM -Frank- EEP id: 5001	Born wild 1955 x Dead 1966-09-15	1956-05-15 Aalborg Zoo (Aalborg Zoologiske Have)
25	† ♀ EM -Lollo- EEP id: 6206	Born wild 1949 x Dead 1965-10-30	1962-05-22 Hannover Zoo
26	† ♂ EM -Pepik (Joe)- EEP id: 5605	Born wild 1955 x Dead 1964-01-00	1956-10-06 Ostrava Zoo
27	† ♀ EM -Olympia-	Born wild 1930 x Dead 1964	1963-00-00 Erfurt Zoo
28	† ♀ EM -Tokuko-	Born unknown 1949 x Dead 1958-05-20?	Ueno Zoo
29	† ♀ EM -Cilly-	Born wild 1915-1920 x Dead 1951-07-21	1942-04-19 Leipzig Zoo
30	† ♀ EM -Nancy- SSP id: 449	Born wild 1920 x Dead 1951-01-19	1933-11-10 Brookfield Zoo
31	† ♀ EM -Nellie- ASMP id: 26	Born unknown x Dead 1949-05-21	1948-08-16 Sydney Zoo
32	† ♀ EM -Kalifa II- EEP id: 2801	Born captive-born 1928-09-20 Harry x Toni II (Mary) Dead 1939	1928-09-20 Berlin Zoo
33	† ♂ EM -Bill- SSP id: T2123	Born wild 1930 x Dead 1939	1932-00-00 Prospect Park Zoo
34	† ♀ EM -Hilda- SSP id: T2185	Born wild 1930 x Dead 1938-09-08	Prospect Park Zoo

Internal relevant links on website www.elephant.se

Moat mentioned in The Elephant Database

No country match the word Moat in the database.

11 locations holdings in the elephant database match the word Moat.

Belle Isle Nature Zoo (Safariland, Detroit Zoo), zoo in Detroit
Bondla zoo, zoo in Margao, Goa
Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Neue Pferdemarkt), zoo in Hamburg
Dresden Zoo, zoo in Dresden
Hamburg Zoo (Zoologischer Garten Hamburg), zoo in Hamburg
Negara National Zoo, zoo in Negara
Sedgwick County Zoo, zoo in Wichita, Kansas
Shanghai Zoo, zoo in Shanghai
Singapore Zoo, zoo in Singapore
Vienna Zoo, zoo in Wien
Zurich Zoo, zoo in Zurich

42 elephants in the elephant database match the word Moat

EM-F Annabel (Tessa) born 1964 arrived 1966-05-20 at Emmen Zoo in Netherlands, from Tilburg Zoo, in Netherlands.
EM-M Ba Bao born ~1910 arrived at Guangzhou Zoo (Canton Zoo) in China
EM-F Bambi born 1962 arrived at Tunis Belvedere Zoo in Tunisia
EM-M Bill born 1930 arrived 1932-00-00 at Prospect Park Zoo in United States
EM-M Bo Gyi born 1992-06-01 arrived 1992-06-01 at Emmen Zoo in Netherlands
LC-F Carla born 1978 arrived 1981-11-04 at Rome Zoo in Italy, from , in .
EM-F Cilly born 1915-1920 arrived 1942-04-19 at Leipzig Zoo in Germany, from Circus Sarrasani, in Germany.
LA-F Dicksie born 1938 arrived 1945-00-00 at London Zoo in United Kingdom
EM-F Dombo born 1951 arrived 1955-00-00 at Tierpark Berlin in Germany, from Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen), in Germany.
LC-M Dzimbo born 1958 arrived 1976-06-15 at Lion Country Safari, Inc - Florida in United States, from Smithsonian National Zoological Park, in United States.
EM-M Frank born 1955 arrived 1956-05-15 at Aalborg Zoo (Aalborg Zoologiske Have) in Denmark
LC-F Gbaya (NGbaya) born 1958 arrived 1961-09-11 at Duisburg Zoo in Germany
EM-F Hilda born 1930 arrived at Prospect Park Zoo in United States
EM-F Inda born 1976 arrived 1983-00-00 at Unknown in Unknown, from E.A.G. van den Brink, in Netherlands.
LA-M Jumbolino (Bubbles) born 1962 arrived 1964-08-00 at Chester Zoo in United Kingdom
EM-F Kalifa II born 1928-09-20 arrived 1928-09-20 at Berlin Zoo in Germany
EM-F Lollo born 1949 arrived 1962-05-22 at Hannover Zoo in Germany, from Augsburg Zoo, in Germany.
LA-F McClean born 1971 arrived 1977-11-28 at Los Angeles Zoo in United States, from J. C. Schulz Inc., in United States.
EM-M miscarriage born 1974-10-26 arrived 1974-10-26 at Chester Zoo in United Kingdom
EM-F Moat (Mutta) born 1927 arrived 1940-00-00 at San Antonio Zoo in United States, from Meems Bros. & Ward, in United States.
EM-M Mohan (Gyro, Gyro-Moe) born 1960-05-12 arrived 1964-11-29 at Calgary Zoo in Canada, from Miami Rare Bird Farm (Alton Freeman), in United States.
EM-F Nancy born 1920 arrived 1933-11-10 at Brookfield Zoo in United States, from Lakewood Farm (George Getz), in United States.
EM-F Nellie born arrived 1948-08-16 at Sydney Zoo in Australia, from Mitchell Park Zoo, in South Africa.
EM-F Noi born 1964 arrived 1981-12-17 at Rostock Zoo in Germany, from Copenhagen Zoo, in Denmark.
EM-M noname born 1975-05-10 arrived 1975-05-10 at Los Angeles Zoo in United States
EM-F Olympia born 1930 arrived 1963-00-00 at Erfurt Zoo in Germany, from Circus Busch-Nürnberg (Jakob Busch), in Germany.
EM-M Omar born 1919 arrived 1938-04-12 at Leipzig Zoo in Germany, from Hannover Zoo, in Germany.
EM-M Pepik (Joe) born 1955 arrived 1956-10-06 at Ostrava Zoo in Czech Republic, from Prague Zoo (Zoo Praha), in Czech Republic.
EM-M Radsch born 1967 arrived 2003-10-03 at Emmen Zoo in Netherlands, from Riga Zoo, in Latvia.
EM-F Ranny (Rani) born 1952 arrived 1958-07-30 at Mexico City Zoo in Mexico, from Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus, in United States.
EM-F Samorn born 1950 arrived 1991-11-17 at Monarto Zoo in Australia, from Adelaide Zoo, in Australia.
EM-F Sari born 1967 arrived 1972-06-23 at Magdeburg Zoo in Germany, from Firma Ruhe, in Germany.
LA-M Timbo born 1970? arrived 1976-00-00 at Mysore Zoo in India
EM-F Tokuko born 1949 arrived at Ueno Zoo in Japan
LA-F Tonga II born arrived at Nuremberg Zoo in Germany
LA-F Toto born 1959 arrived 1962-00-00 at London Zoo in United Kingdom
EM-F Walli born 1950 arrived 1950-07-20 at Whipsnade Wild Animal Park in United Kingdom, from United Kingdom (England) unspecified location, in United Kingdom.
EM-F Yi Long born ~1921 arrived at Guangzhou Zoo (Canton Zoo) in China
LA-F Zambi (Jambi) born 1965 arrived 1976-00-00 at Mysore Zoo in India
EM-M Ziggy (Herman) born 1919 arrived 1936-07-28 at Brookfield Zoo in United States, from Singer Midgets (Leopold von Singer), in Austria.
LA-F Zimba born 1985 arrived 1986-08-05 at Duisburg Zoo in Germany
LA-F Zimba II born 1985 arrived 1986-10-17 at Duisburg Zoo in Germany, from Ruhr Zoo, Gelsenkirchen, in Germany.

Reference list Koehl, Dan, (2023). Moat. Elephant Encyclopedia, available online retrieved 20 September 2021 at https://www.elephant.se/index.php?id=234. (archived at the Wayback machine)

Sources used for this article is among others:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moat

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Categories glossary | management

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