Peritonitis

Definition of Peritonitis

From the elephant glossary Section: disease

Ventrolateral view of the carcass with exposed viscera. Peritonitis with diffusely reddened intestinal serosae, hemorrhages, and aggregates of fibrin and plant material.

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Records about Peritonitis from English Wikipedia

Peritonitis is inflammation of the localized or generalized peritoneum, the lining of the inner wall of the Abdomen and cover of the abdominal organs. Symptoms may include severe pain, swelling of the Abdomen, fever, or weight loss. One part or the entire Abdomen may be tender. Complications may include shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Causes include perforation of the intestinal tract, pancreatitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, stomach ulcer, Cirrhosis, a ruptured appendix or even a perforated gallbladder.

English Wikipedia

Here we describe a case of colonic sand impaction with cecal rupture and peritonitis in an African Savanna elephant from a zoologic collection that died after several days of Colic. On autopsy, abundant, gritty, sandy material was found within a segment of colon immediately aboral to the cecum. There was a full-thickness tear in the cecal wall, free intestinal contents within the abdominal cavity, and peritonitis. . ..

In turn, the cecal rupture allowed leakage of intestinal content into the peritoneal cavity, with subsequent peritonitis and probable endotoxic shock leading to death.

In our case, E. faecium could have been released to the peritoneum through the cecal tear, contributing to peritonitis.
Tamires et al. Colonic sand impaction with cecal rupture and peritonitis in an Adult African Savanna elephant, and review of noninfectious causes of gastrointestinal disease in elephants

9 Deceased elephants due to Peritonitis.

Name	Species Sex	Origin	Age	Birth	Death date	Death reason	Parents	Arrival Death location
+ -Zimba-	LA F	wild	39	1982	2021-04-10	disease Peritonitis (inflammation of peritoneum)	x	1984-03-13 Kronberg Opel Zoo
+ -Kenny-	LA F	wild	47	1973	2020-08-10	disease acute peritonitis	x	1975-00-00
+ -Torn Ear (wild)-	LA M	wild	?	<1990	2014-02-07	euthanised euthanized due to peritonitis from being shot with poisoned arrows	x	Chyulu Hills National Park
+ -Rip-	LA M	wild	40	1971	2011-11-26	disease septic peritonitis and colonic rupture due to entroliths	x	1974-03-01 Six Flags Wild Safari (Six Flags Great Adventure)
+ -Jean-	EM F	wild	20	1969	1989-12-01	euthanised infarction of uterus leading to peritonitis following Caesarean section	x	1972-04-21 San Diego Zoo Safari Park
+ -stillborn-	EM F	captive-born	0	1989-11-20	1989-11-20	stillborn removed via Caesarean section leading to mothers death, due to Peritonitis	Ranchipur x Jean	1989-11-20 San Diego Zoo Safari Park
+ -Duchess-	EM F	wild	12	1968	1980-12-26	disease peritonitis	x	1975-05-07 Lambton Lion Park
+ -Jumbo II-	LA M	wild	6	1910	1916-06-28	pathological rupture of Abdomen and Peritonitis	x	1913-08-08 Smithsonian National Zoological Park Washington
+ -Bacho-	EM M	unknown	-1999	1999-08-26		disease peritonitis and hemorrhagic (red infarction) of duodenum that was cause of autointoxication	x	2000-00-00 Tbilisi Zoo

Peritonitis is mentioned on 1 other pagesPeritonitis,

Peritonitis is mentioned on 1 person pagesLucien Houcke,

Peritonitis is mentioned on 1 location pagesSan Diego Zoo Safari Park,

Peritonitis is mentioned on 2 elephant record pagesDuchess, stillborn,

Reference list Koehl, Dan, (2025). Peritonitis. Elephant Encyclopedia, available online retrieved 20 September 2021 at https://www.elephant.se/index.php?id=299. (archived at the Wayback machine)

Sources used for this article is among others:

Selected publications

Tamires G W Teodoro 1, Francisco A Uzal 2, Nicolas Streitenberger 3, Monika A Samol 4, Eileen E Henderson 5, Javier Asin, Colonic sand impaction with cecal rupture and peritonitis in an adult African savanna elephant, and review of noninfectious causes of gastrointestinal disease in elephants, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9751468/

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Categories glossary | disease

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