Caesarean section

Definition of Caesarean section

From the elephant glossary Section: pathology

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Caesarean section, also known as C-section, or caesarean delivery, is the surgical procedure by which one or more babies are delivered through an incision in the mother's abdomen, often performed because vaginal delivery would put the baby or mother at risk.

A true caesarean section with elephants is impossible, since the pressure and weight of testines makes it impossible to bring them into their body again, once taken out. Therefore an opening is made under the anus, through which the baby can be pulled out. This operation is connected with several risks, as can be seen from the list below, with complications and deaths.

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As Caesarean section, the most common ultima ratio in domestic animal obstetrics, is lethal and therefore not an option in the elephant, non-invasive medical treatment, induction of the Fergusson reflex or the conscious decision to leave a retained foetus until it is expelled voluntarily, are key elements in elephant obstetrics.
R.Hermesa1, J. Saragustya, W.Schaftenaar, D. Göritza, D.L.Schmitt, T.B.Hildebrandt; Obstetrics in elephants
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Jean has developed peritonitis, an abdominal infection, and may not survive, a spokesman at the San Diego Wild Animal Park said Wednesday.

Jean, a 19-year-old Asian elephant, was in critical condition Tuesday after she suddenly developed peritonitis and refused to take liquids or food, said Tom Hanscom."She is severely dehydrated and incredibly weak. If she does not show a dramatic turnaround in the next 24 hours, we will probably lose her," said Hanscom.

Jean made elephant history twice this month. In early November she entered her third year of pregnancy, setting a new record for the longest elephant gestation. On Nov. 20, after her fetus was found to be dead and decomposing, she underwent an unprecedented Caesarean section.
Deseret News, Nov 30, 1989
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Internal relevant links on website www.elephant.se

Caesarean section mentioned in The Elephant Database

No country match the word Caesarean section in the database.

1 locations holdings in the elephant database match the word Caesarean section.

San Diego Zoo Safari Park, zoo in Escondido

19 elephants in the elephant database match the word Caesarean section

EM-F Babe born 1954 arrived 1985-06-06 at Syracuse Zoo (Rosamond Gifford Zoo) in United States, from Zoo Miami (Miami Metro Zoo), in United States.
EM-F Ceylon born arrived at Circus Knie in Switzerland
LA-F Genny C (Timba) born 1977 arrived 1979-05-29 at Seneca Park Zoo in United States, from International Animal Exchange (Ferndale), in United States.
LA-F Ibala born 1979 arrived 1997-10-04 at Disneys Animal Kingdom in United States, from Phoenix Zoo, in United States.
EM-F Jean born 1969 arrived 1972-04-21 at San Diego Zoo Safari Park in United States, from San Diego Zoo, in United States.
EM-F Jenny born 1961 arrived 2009-04-04 at Belfast Zoo (Bellevue Gardens) in United Kingdom, from Hannover Zoo, in Germany.
LA-M Noname born 2005-05-13 arrived 2005-05-13 at Disneys Animal Kingdom in United States
EM-F Ruby born 1973 arrived 1997-11-11 at Phoenix Zoo in United States, from Tulsa Zoo, in United States.
EM-M stillborn born 1992-09-07 arrived 1992-09-07 at Dickerson Park Zoo in United States
EM-M stillborn born 2003-05-14 arrived 2003-05-14 at Kolmarden Zoo in Sweden
EM-F stillborn born 1985-02-18 arrived 1985-02-18 at Hannover Zoo in Germany
LA-M stillborn born 2006-02-10 arrived 2006-02-25 at Seneca Park Zoo in United States
EM-F stillborn born 1998-11-06 arrived 1998-11-06 at Phoenix Zoo in United States
EM-M stillborn born 1990-05-12 arrived 1990-05-12 at Syracuse Zoo (Rosamond Gifford Zoo) in United States
EM- stillborn born 1970-00-00 arrived 1970-00-00 at Mysore Zoo in India
EM- stillborn born 2013-03-05 arrived 2013-03-05 at Pairi Daiza (Parc Paradisio) in Belgium
EM-F stillborn born 1989-11-20 arrived 1989-11-20 at San Diego Zoo Safari Park in United States
EM-F Tuffy (Kathy) born 1964 arrived 1986-10-10 at Dickerson Park Zoo in United States, from Jo-Don Farms (Don Meyer), in United States.
EM-F unknown born arrived at Mysore Zoo in India

Reference list Koehl, Dan, (2023). Caesarean section. Elephant Encyclopedia, available online retrieved 20 September 2021 at https://www.elephant.se/index.php?id=216. (archived at the Wayback machine)

Sources used for this article is among others:

Selected publications

Hermes R, Saragusty J, Schaftenaar W, Göritz F, Schmitt DL, Hildebrandt TB. Obstetrics in elephants. Theriogenology. 2008 Jul 15;70(2):131-44. Epub 2008 May 21. PMID: 18499243.

Links about Caesarean section

Selected external links for this article about Caesarean section:

Hermes R, Saragusty J, Schaftenaar W, Göritz F, Schmitt DL, Hildebrandt TB. Obstetrics in elephants. Theriogenology. 2008 Jul 15;70(2):131-44. Epub 2008 May 21. PMID: 18499243. Online at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18499243/
Deseret News, Nov 30, 1989: https://www.deseret.com/1989/11/30/18834653/elephant-s-caesarean-produces-complications

External relevant links

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Categories glossary | pathology

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