Contraceptives

Definition of Contraceptives

From the elephant glossary Section: management tools

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The specific brand of Contraception used in elephants–and most other animals–is called the porcine zona pellucida vaccine, or PZP.
The vaccine is administered to animals by darts that can be shot from the ground or the air. Each dose of PZP costs about $35, $24 for the dose and $11 for the delivery system. For small Herds the vaccines are delivered by darts shot from a car. Larger Herds are often treated by helicopter.

Contraceptives are now being successfully used to prevent elephant overpopulation in South Africa. Approximately 75% of all breeding-age female elephants outside of the greater Kruger National Park had been successfully treated with immunocontraceptives in 47 reserves to prevent overpopulation.

Kenneth Kovan, BioVaxys President & Chief Operating Officer, stated “The demonstration that a single-dose injection of SpayVac stimulated consistently elevated antibody titers through at least 7 years in the previous trial with captive African elephants further reflects the utility and commercial opportunity in animal Species and humans of our liposome-based antigen delivery platform technology.

Reference list Koehl, Dan, (2025). Contraceptives. Elephant Encyclopedia, available online retrieved 20 September 2021 at https://www.elephant.se/index.php?id=274. (archived at the Wayback machine)

Sources used for this article is among others:

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-elephant-in-the-room/
https://www.farmersweekly.co.za/agri-news/south-africa/how-elephant-populations-are-being-controlled-using-contraceptives/
Biovaxys And SpayVac-For-Wildlife, Inc. Announce Launch Of Trial To Test Immunocontraception In Asian Elephants

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