Grade

Definition of Grade

From the elephant glossary Section: evolution

Cladogram (family tree) of a biological group. The green box (central) may represent an evolutionary grade (paraphyletic), a group united by conservative anatomical and physiological traits rather than phylogeny. The flanking red and blue boxes are clades (i.e., complete monophyletic subtrees).

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In alpha Taxonomy, a grade is a Taxon united by a level of morphological or physiological complexity.

The term was coined by British biologist Julian Huxley, to contrast with Clade, a strictly phylogenetic unit. (Wikipedia)

From Biology, Medicine, and Surgery of Elephants, 2006 by Murray Fowler, Susan K. Mikota

Grade. Distantly related or unrelated Species (or taxa) that reach the same level due to parallel or convergent evolution.

Biology, Medicine, and Surgery of Elephants, 2006 by Murray Fowler, Susan K. Mikota

Reference list Koehl, Dan, (2025). Grade. Elephant Encyclopedia, available online retrieved 20 September 2021 at https://www.elephant.se/index.php?id=177. (archived at the Wayback machine)

Sources used for this article is among others:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_grade
*FOWLER

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Selected external links for this article about Grade:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_grade

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Categories glossary | evolution

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